In Anhui province, local governments are encouraging returnees to start companies

As the birthplace of more than 2.8 million migrant workers, Fuyang city in East China's Anhui province is hoping to woo its sons home so they can help develop the local economy.

The model for this planned up-by-the-bootstraps rejuvenation might very well be Wang Zili, 46, owner of a workshop that employs 150 in Fuyang's Linquan county. Wang started the firm in 2012 in the village where he was born. While it's called an electronics company, wicker furniture is also in its product catalog.

Wang, who frequently smiles, says he's still not used to being called boss. "I prefer that people use my name instead of a title, because I think I am still a migrant worker," he said.

In the early 1990s, Wang left his hometown and became a migrant worker. In his first decade away, he took temporary jobs - mostly painting - in Beijing and Shandong and Shaanxi provinces, he said.

At first, Wang just earned 5 yuan ($0.76) a day. Still, "the income was much higher than what I could earn from farming in the countryside", said the father of four.

The Wangs and their children jointly owned 2,000 square meters of agricultural fields in the countryside. Wang said that made it "impossible to feed the family", adding that it was a common dilemma in Linquan, which has suffered from dire poverty for decades.

The county has just 1,800 square kilometers of land to support more than 2.3 million.

"For more than 10 years starting in the 1990s, the Fuyang government encouraged local rural residents to find jobs in cities, for poverty relief purposes," said Ye Luzhong, deputy Party chief of the city. "In the past, more people meant more poverty."

During that time, the government collected information on the companies that were recruiting workers and provided it to rural residents. A free bus carried those who decided to leave Fuyang city, where they could catch trains and long-distance buses.

Ye said the migrant workers have played a very important role - not only in the development of the places where they have worked, but also of their hometown, "since they bring back money".

"Nowadays, more people means more opportunities," said Ye.

In 2004, Wang walked into an electronics company in Taizhou city in Zhejiang province. The firm's main product was a small light often used in children's shoes.

Wang discovered that while the lights were very easy to assemble, the company often was short of workers. He made a proposal to the boss, saying he could bring the materials back to his hometown and return the finished products to the company.

With that, Wang returned to Linquan in 2005 and hired villagers, many of whom were women, seniors and the disabled left behind by men working in the cities.

Wang said that after Spring Festival, he would move his company's operations from his own home to an industrial zone built nearby last year specifically for the businesses of returned migrant workers. The factory will be provided to Wang free of charge for the first three years. More than 10 other firms also would move there.

Ye, the Party official, said people such as Wang constitute hope for the future development of the city's far-flung rural areas. "The next five years will be key to the city's urbanization process," Ye said. "We have no choice but to rely on returning migrant workers."

The returnees "are hardworking and they will not likely leave the place again once they have their own careers in their hometown", Ye said. 

By Zhulixin in Fuyang, Anhui (China Daily)